Research Article

The Possibility of the Companions Fabricating Narrative According to al-Māturīdī

Volume: 11 Number: 22 December 15, 2024
EN TR

The Possibility of the Companions Fabricating Narrative According to al-Māturīdī

Abstract

According to the principle adopted by the Sunnī schools of thought, the Companions were considered trustworthy in transmitting hadīth. al-Māturīdī (d. 333/944), a prominent representative of the Ahl al-Ra’y within the Hanafī school, asserts that it is not obligatory to adhere to the narrations of everyone who encountered the Prophet. Because it is possible that some of these people may have fabricated a narration. Since they were individuals who encountered the Prophet, the Companions are also encompassed within the scope of al-Māturīdī's statements. This approach, which raises important problems for the science of ḥadīth, if accepted as it is, also calls into question the reliability of religious knowledge as a whole. Furthermore, al-Māturīdī accepts a narration that implies that the companion Fāṭimah bint Qays may have lied as authentic and uses it as evidence. Based on these two pieces of evidence, the study hypothesizes that according to al-Māturīdī, it is both possible and probable for the Companions to fabricate ḥadīth. On the other hand, he has very clear expressions of praise and admiration for the Companions and declares that it is obligatory to follow their narrations. The aim of this study is to reveal the invalidity of the hypothesis in question within the framework of al-Māturīdī’s positive opinions about the companions. Although his individual statements might suggest that the Companions could fabricate narrations, when considered alongside his general views on the Companions, it becomes evident that al-Māturīdī aligns with the Sunnī sects on the trustworthiness of the Companions. According to the findings of the research, al-Māturīdī adopts the definition of the ṣaḥāba proposed by the methodologist (uṣūliyyūn), rather than the ḥadīth scholars, referring to the hypocrites and some ordinary individuals who had limited interaction with the Prophet. In any case, al-Māturīdī does not include them in the scope and definition of the ṣaḥāba, and the apparent contradiction between his statements is resolved. The research was limited to al-Māturīdī’s explanations about the companions, and the document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was employed in the study.

Keywords

References

  1. ‘Abd al-Azīz al-Bukhārī. Kashf al-asrār fī sharḥi Uṣūli al-Pezdawī. s.l., Dār al-Kutubi al-Islāmī, n.d.
  2. Abū al-Husayn al-Basrī. al-Muʿtamad fī uṣūli al-fiḳh. Critical ed. Khalīl al-Mayyis. 2 Volumes. Beirut: Dāru al-Kutubi al-‘Ilmiyye, 1403.
  3. Abu Dāwūd al-Sijistānī. al-Sunan. Critical ed. Ādel Muhammad-Imād Abbās. 7 Volumes. Cairo: Dāru al-Ta’sīl, 2015.
  4. Alawī b. Ḥāmid b. Muḥammad b. Shihāb al-Dīn. ‘Adālah al-ṣaḥāba lā tastalzim ẓabtahum. San‘ā: Dāru al-Kutub, 2013.
  5. Bağcı, H. Musa. Hadis Rivayetinde Sahabenin Kavrama ve Nakletme Sorunu. Ankara: İlâhiyât Yay., 2004.
  6. Başaran, Selman. “Fâtıma bint Kays”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. 12/227. İstanbul: TDV Yay., 1995.
  7. Bayhaqī. al-Ḫilāfiyyāt bayna al-ʿimāmeyn: al-Shāfiʿī wa Abī Ḥanīfa wa aṣḥābih. 8 Volumes. Cairo: al-Rawda li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 2015.
  8. Bukhārī, Muhammad b. Ismā‘īl. Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḫārī. Critical ed. Muhammad Muhammad Tāmir. s.l., Dāru al-Bayāni al-Arabī, 2005.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Arabic Language and Rhetoric

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 15, 2024

Submission Date

June 25, 2024

Acceptance Date

October 31, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 11 Number: 22

ISNAD
Erdoğan, Tunahan. “The Possibility of the Companions Fabricating Narrative According to Al-Māturīdī”. Mütefekkir 11/22 (December 1, 2024): 463-484. https://doi.org/10.30523/mutefekkir.1600710.