Research Article

al-Ghazali’s Methodology of Kalam in al-İktisād fi’l-iʿtikād

Volume: 8 Number: 16 December 15, 2021
EN TR

al-Ghazali’s Methodology of Kalam in al-İktisād fi’l-iʿtikād

Abstract

al-Iktisād fi’l-iʿtikād is a rare work that Ghazali devoted exclusively to the discipline of kalam. The most important feature of the work in terms of the discipline is that it contains important information about the transition process from the period of mutaqaddimîn to the era of mutaahhirīn. Ghazali wrote al-Iktisād, considering the criticisms made before to early methodology of kalam. Al-Iktisād, which has the distinction of being the first work in which the weak methods of the mutakaddimīn period which are not based on proof, are abandoned. It is also of great importance in terms of representing the process that led to the adaptation of logic by Islāmic thought. This work represents the methodological change in proofing the way in which the descriptive attributes are found in the divine essence. With it, the method of proofing by establishing a similarity between our world of experience for descriptive attributes have been abandoned. Instead, it is seen that the proof is made by considering the act-actor relationship between God and the universe, which is consistent with the conception of God and again, is one of the most basic claims of the discipline of kalam. In addition, with the realization of the methodological power of philosophy by theologians, the flaws of the methods of the mutaqaddimīn became apparent, and especially the methods incompatible with logic were eliminated. The way to the acceptance of logic in the science of kalam has been cleared by reforming those who are compatible. This article briefly discusses the role of al-Iktisād in the transition to theological proof method instead of the dialectical methods of the previous period.

Keywords

References

  1. Altaş, Eşref. “Kelamın Metafizik Olarak İnşası Mümkün müdür? Gazzâlî’nin Kelam Tasavvuru”. Uluslararası Modern Çağ ve Gazzâlî Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı = İnternational Symposium on Modern Age and al-Ghazali. Isparta: y.y., 2014.
  2. Bâkıllânî, Ebû Bekr Muhammed b. Tayyib b. Muhammed el-Basrî. Temhîdü’l-evâil. nşr. İmâdüddin Ahmed Haydar. Beyrut: Müessesetü’l-Kütübi’s-sekafiyye, 1986.
  3. Baktır, Mustafa. “el-Burhân fî usûli’l-fıkh” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Erişim 5 Nisan 2021.https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/el-burhan-fi-usulil-fikh.
  4. Bedir, Mürteza. “Mütekaddimîn ve Müteahhirîn” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi. Erişim 2 Haziran 2021. https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/mutekaddimin-ve-muteahhirin#1.
  5. Cüveynî, İmâmü’l-Haremeyn Ebü’l-Meâlî Rüknüddîn Abdülmelik b. Abdillâh b. Yûsuf. el-Burhân fî usûli’l-fıkh. nşr. Abdülazîm ed-Dîb. 2 Cilt. Devha: Câmiatu Katar, 1978.
  6. Cüveynî. el-İrşâd ilâ kavâtıʿi’l-edilleti fî usûli’l-iʿtikâd. thk. Muhammed Yusuf Musa. Kahire: Mektebetü’l-Hanci, 1950.
  7. Cüveynî. eş-Şâmil fî usûli’d-dîn. thk. Ali Sâmi en-Neşşâr vd. İskenderiye: Münşeâtü’l-Maârif, 1969.
  8. Çapak, İbrahim. “Kıyasın Hz. Muhammed’in Hâdislerine Uygulanması Üzerine Bir Deneme”. Hz. Muhammed ve Evrensel Mesajı Sempozyumu. haz. Mahfuz Söylemez. Çorum: İslâmî İlimler Dergisi Yayınları, 2007.

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Religious Studies

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

December 15, 2021

Submission Date

June 20, 2021

Acceptance Date

August 29, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 1970 Volume: 8 Number: 16

ISNAD
Kahraman, Hüseyin. “El-İktisâd Fi’l-İʿtikâd Adlı Eseri Örnekliğinde Gazzâlî’nin Kelam Metodolojisi”. Mütefekkir 8/16 (December 1, 2021): 79-102. https://doi.org/10.30523/mutefekkir.1034473.

Cited By